[left]Introduction:
The Islamic civilization is known for its genius and intelligent inventions which has drawn attention in the several centuries ago from other empires and civilizations, this civilization gave birth to many scientists and inventors whom raised the reputation and glory of this civilization, and those scientists made many inventions to raise their skills and to defend their selves and many more, and one of that is the cannon.
How the Arabs built the cannon:
The Arab scientists used raw salt and purified it from its raw
form, and many workers have participated on this year 869
and it was held in AlBasra, which made them used it as gunpowder for cannon and the main source of projectile’s velocity and launching due to its flammability, and this trait is found in sulfur. It was mixed together, and they were making gunpowder from potassium nitrates with a percentage of 75% and sulfur with a percentage of 10% and coal with a percentage of 15%. And the cannon men were loading this powder into the cannons hole then put the projectile in it (ball shaped rock or iron) then torched with fire using a small amount of gunpowder from a small hole on the top of the cannon’s body, as soon as the fire touches the gunpowder, the gunpowder loaded within the cannon produces great pressure and pushes all what is in it outside to the target.
Arab usage of cannons:
The Arabs were the first to make
Gunpowder for cannons and they
Also used it as an explosive for battles, while the Chinese were using it for fireworks in their special events and parties. The scientist (pikon) took this technology to Europe after 3 centuries of the Arab using it. And in an Arab scheme that is used back in the 10th. Century it is describing this technology saying: 10 dirhams of salt powder and two dirhams of coal and a dirham and half of sulfur, is taken and smashed until it becomes like a dust and 1/3rd. of it is filled in the cannon to avoid explosion, and a special rod is used for this cannon which fits in the hole of the cannon and is the main tool to load the cannon and make sure the materials are mixed and then the projectile is used ,then the measurements of the target so it will suite the cannons weight.
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[center][b][i][u]Thanks for reading
الإثنين 25 فبراير 2008 - 0:50
